This study evaluated greenness and air pollution on mortality risk of cancer patients and survivors in the U.S. Greenness, as measured by NDVI, was associated with decreased risk of cancer mortality. Air pollution, as measured by PM_2.5, was associated with increased risk of cardiopulmonary mortality. Individuals with high survivability cancers were benefited more from greenness than those with low survivability cancers. Higher levels of greenness are associated with lower cancer mortality in cancer patients. The evidence suggests minimal confounding between greenness and PM_2.5 exposures and risk of mortality.